Code Step Examples

Validation

Contact email is available:

def run():
    email = {{contact.email}}
    {{contact.email_verified}} = bool(email and "@" in email)
    return {{contact.email_verified}}

Contact phone is SMS capable:

def run():
    phone = {{contact.phone}}
    return str(phone or "").startswith("+614")

Email regex check:

def run():
    email = {{contact.email}}
    {{contact.email_verified}} = regex_match(r"^[^@\s]+@[^@\s]+\.[^@\s]+$", email)
    return {{contact.email_verified}}

Strict ISO date check:

def run():
    value = {{contact.date_of_birth}}
    return regex_match(r"^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}$", value)

JSON

Build and store a payload:

def run():
    payload = {
        "email": {{contact.email}},
        "first_name": {{contact.first_name}},
        "has_email": bool({{contact.email}})
    }
    {{webhook.response}} = json_dumps(payload)
    return True

Parse a webhook response and route on it:

def run():
    raw = {{webhook.response}}
    data = json_loads(raw or "{}")
    has_email = bool(data.get("email"))
    has_phone = bool(data.get("phone"))
    return has_email, has_phone

Lists and Randomization

Build a numbered list in a random order with range, enumerate, append, and random_shuffle:

def run():
    options = random_shuffle(["sales", "support", "billing"])
    numbered = []
    for index, option in enumerate(options):
        numbered.append(str(index + 1) + ". " + option)
    {{custom.menu_options}} = json_dumps(numbered)
    return True

Sum a range:

def run():
    total = 0
    for value in range(1, 5):
        total = total + value
    {{temp.number.num_1}} = total
    return total == 10

Debugging With `print`

Write resolved values to the call’s system notes while the step runs:

def run():
    email = {{contact.email}}
    phone = {{contact.phone}}
    print("contact:", email, phone)
    return bool(email), bool(phone)

Unquoted placeholders print the resolved value; quoted placeholders stay literal. Each print(...) becomes a system note before the final run success note.

Routing With Multiple Conditions

A Code Step can return more than one boolean. Returned booleans map to the step’s conditions array by index:

Output index 0 → conditions[0]
Output index 1 → conditions[1]
Output index 2 → conditions[2]
The final condition should be "otherwise" and acts as the fallback

If all returned booleans are false, the step routes to the final condition. If multiple are true, the first true output index wins.

Counter example

This starts at 1 and increments each time the step runs:

def run():
    count = {{auth_check.matched_count}} or 0
    count = int(count) + 1
    {{auth_check.matched_count}} = count
    return bool(count == 1), bool(count == 2)

First run → (True, False) → routes to conditions[0]
Second run → (False, True) → routes to conditions[1]
Third run → (False, False) → routes to the final "otherwise" condition

Choosing a row by number

Instead of booleans, run() can return a whole number: the condition row to route to, counting from 1. This is easier to maintain when a step has many rows, because adding a row doesn’t change the other returns.

def run():
    plan = str({{custom.plan_type}} or "").lower()
    if plan == "gold":
        return 1
    if plan == "silver":
        return 2
    if plan == "bronze":
        return 3
    return False

return 1 → the first condition, return 3 → the third
return False (or 0) → the final "otherwise" condition
A number past the last row routes to the last row, and a note is written to the call’s system notes
A negative number is an error and routes to "otherwise"

Pick one style per return statement. A list or tuple that mixes booleans and numbers, such as return True, 2, is invalid.

Single-boolean tools

All tools use the same condition-array routing. For a single boolean output, True routes to the first condition and False routes to the final one. Return multiple booleans only when a step needs more than true/otherwise routing.

Troubleshooting

`Code Step must contain exactly one top-level def run():`

Missing def run():, extra top-level statements, or more than one function. Move setup inside run():

def run():
    flag = True
    return flag

`unindent does not match any outer indentation level`

Inconsistent indentation, or leading spaces before def run():. def run(): must start at the first column.

`name 'input_1' is not defined`

The code references input_1, but that input isn’t mapped on the step. Map the additional input, or remove the reference.

`Function 'x' is not allowed` / `Method 'x' is not allowed`

The code called something off the allow-list. Use an allowed equivalent:

# Invalid
def run():
    return isinstance({{contact.email}}, str)

# Valid
def run():
    return is_string({{contact.email}})

# Invalid
def run():
    return {{contact.phone}}.removeprefix("+")

# Valid
def run():
    value = str({{contact.phone}} or "")
    return value.replace("+", "").startswith("614")

See Allowed Functions for the full list.

`run() must return bool, an int row number, or list/tuple of bools`

The return value isn’t a boolean, ordered booleans or a whole row number: for example a string, a decimal such as 1.0, or a tuple with a number in it. Wrap results in bool(...), or return a plain whole number to pick a row.

Counter does not increment

Make sure the same variable placeholder is used for both the read and the write. If the read and write paths differ, the counter appears to reset.

Branch goes to the wrong step

Multi-output routing uses condition-array indexes, not matching values, and a returned row number counts from 1 in the same order. Condition order controls the sort before routing — verify the stored order matches the intended array order.

Next Steps

Code Step overview — The run() contract and variables
Allowed Functions — The full deny-by-default allow-list
Tool Steps — How tool steps and conditions work

Get Started & Build

Calls, Contacts & Batches

Numbers & Routing

Tools, Automations & Integrations

Account, Billing & Security

Code Step Examples

Validation

JSON

Lists and Randomization

Debugging With `print`

Routing With Multiple Conditions

Counter example

Choosing a row by number

Single-boolean tools

Troubleshooting

`Code Step must contain exactly one top-level def run():`

`unindent does not match any outer indentation level`

`name 'input_1' is not defined`

`Function 'x' is not allowed` / `Method 'x' is not allowed`

`run() must return bool, an int row number, or list/tuple of bools`

Counter does not increment

Branch goes to the wrong step

Next Steps

​Validation

​JSON

​Lists and Randomization

​Debugging With print

​Routing With Multiple Conditions

​Counter example

​Choosing a row by number

​Single-boolean tools

​Troubleshooting

​Code Step must contain exactly one top-level def run():

​unindent does not match any outer indentation level

​name 'input_1' is not defined

​Function 'x' is not allowed / Method 'x' is not allowed

​run() must return bool, an int row number, or list/tuple of bools

​Counter does not increment

​Branch goes to the wrong step

​Next Steps

Validation

JSON

Lists and Randomization

Debugging With `print`

Routing With Multiple Conditions

Counter example

Choosing a row by number

Single-boolean tools

Troubleshooting

`Code Step must contain exactly one top-level def run():`

`unindent does not match any outer indentation level`

`name 'input_1' is not defined`

`Function 'x' is not allowed` / `Method 'x' is not allowed`

`run() must return bool, an int row number, or list/tuple of bools`

Counter does not increment

Branch goes to the wrong step

Next Steps